Frequently asked questions about naturalisation
Short, reliable answers to the questions we are asked most often, with links to the detailed guides.
Here are the most important answers at a glance. Detailed explanations are in our naturalisation guides, and everything about your canton is on the relevant canton page.
Who can be naturalised in Switzerland?
For ordinary naturalisation you need a C permit and ten years of residence in Switzerland, three of them in the five years before applying. On top of that come your canton's residence rule and successful integration. All requirements
Do childhood years count double?
Yes. Years between your 8th and 18th birthdays count double. You must, however, actually have lived in Switzerland for at least six years.
Do I have to take a citizenship test?
That depends on your canton. Many cantons require a written test, others test in an interview or after a course. People with several years of schooling in Switzerland are often exempt. How your canton tests
How hard is the citizenship test?
Very manageable with preparation. Depending on the canton, the pass mark ranges from 60 percent, for example in Zurich and Bern, to about 75 percent in Aargau. The questions cover knowledge you need in everyday life in Switzerland.
What language level do I need?
At least B1 spoken and A2 written in a national language. Some cantons require more, for example B2 spoken in Schwyz, Nidwalden, Zug and Thurgau. More on language requirements
How much does naturalisation cost?
The Confederation charges 100 francs for an adult. Cantonal and municipal fees come on top. In total it ranges from a few hundred to over 3000 francs, depending on where you live. Costs in every canton
How long does naturalisation take?
The SEM usually decides within eight months of receiving the complete file, after which the canton has one year. Because the municipality, the canton and the Confederation check in turn, the whole procedure usually takes well over a year.
Can I hold dual citizenship?
Switzerland has allowed dual citizenship without restrictions since 1 January 1992. Whether you can keep your current nationality depends on the law of your country of origin.
Can I be naturalised if I receive social assistance?
Anyone who receives social assistance in the three years before applying or during the procedure generally cannot be naturalised, unless the assistance is repaid in full. Special personal circumstances such as illness or disability are taken into account.
What is facilitated naturalisation?
A shorter route for spouses of Swiss citizens (three years of marriage, five years of residence) and for the third generation of immigrants. Here the Confederation decides. More on facilitated naturalisation
Do I have to do military service after naturalisation?
Swiss men are liable for military service. Anyone who does not do military or civilian service pays the military service exemption tax. Dual nationals usually serve in the country where they live at the time of recruitment.
Is einbürgerungstest.ch an official website?
No. We are an independent learning service, not an authority. The information provided by your municipality, your canton and the SEM is always binding.